Professor of Work Organization at the School of Engineering of São Carlos, write my paper cheap University of São Paulo Prior to the introduction of the assembly line, the automobile industry - reflecting the organization and working relationships existing in the bicycle factories - not only had an extremely skilled workforce, but also carried out its operations through work teams.
These teams, in addition to performing assembly operations, also planned production - planning was the property of the workers - often solving design problems. "The basic production relations in the auto industry that characterized its production in the first stage from 1900 to 1912 were essentially inherited from the bicycle industry.The typical bicycle factory of the 1890s was organized around skilled mechanics riding bicycles from components produced separately in metallurgical, rubber factories, etc. Due to declining demand, bicycle manufactures move from industry failure to the growing auto industry and take with them technical qualification, organizational arrangements , and the skilled mechanics who formed the basis of the first automobile manufacturing.The first house, which became the Ford Motor Company, actually reflected the productive organization of bicycle factories.It was a small workshop that contained two mechanical winches, two drills , a milling machine, a wood planer, a a grinder, and a forge. His work force consisted of four mechanics, a modeler, a draftsman, and a blacksmith. This was in October 1902.
They produced a car in December and then switched their operation to a refurbished wagon workshop, using an old-fashioned gasoline engine to move their equipment. The workforce was raised to about 125 workers, and the company placed 1,700 cars on the market that year. All components were contracted out. Only assembly and design of some parts were done in the workshop. In the factory itself, the workers operated as a team. They planned production, solved design problems, and built the cars together as a unit.
But with the introduction of the assembly line, Homework writing service especially with the adoption of the conveyor belt in 1913, initially in the factory of Highland Park, important changes take place in the way to organize the work. The work becomes disqualified, piecemeal and repetitive, losing all sense of group activity. The planning of the tasks before internalized happens to be developed by the production sector of the company (outsourced), losing the workers ownership of the planning. There is a separation between the conception and execution of the work. What the company gains in terms of efficiency and productivity through the intervention of the production management, defining the tasks and physical movements of the workers - in a certain sense the treadmill decides for them - lose the workers in terms of autonomy decision-making and room for maneuver in the control of the work process. According to Georges Friedmann, what is characteristic of chain work from the biopsychological point of view are the division of tasks and the repetition of operations, with the workers sharing only the compulsory pace of disqualified work (73 % of all services require only one day of learning) where each is simply associated with a small part of the overall assembly.2
At that moment, it is too pertinent to reproduce part of Francesca Maltese's text, which succinctly captures the transformations that occurred in the early days of the automobile industry. Initially, the standardization of the car (model N); later, changes in the physical arrangement, allowing the operations to be performed consecutively; (model 7) and lower cost, new time saving schemes (gravity slides) to the technical solution of the conveyor belt, which, by suspending the materials heaped on the ground, not only avoided shocks among workers, stumbling in inventories and major accidents, but also - by condensing the pores of the work day - intensified the pace of production. "Ford hired Walter E. Flanders, a well-known manufacturing expert whose innovations led to the production of 10,000 cars in twelve months.Even though Flanders remained with Ford for only a year, his ideas were incorporated into the operations of the new factory in Highland Park, which was inaugurated in 1910 and fully utilized in 1911. Previous production plans were abandoned.
These teams, in addition to performing assembly operations, also planned production - planning was the property of the workers - often solving design problems. "The basic production relations in the auto industry that characterized its production in the first stage from 1900 to 1912 were essentially inherited from the bicycle industry.The typical bicycle factory of the 1890s was organized around skilled mechanics riding bicycles from components produced separately in metallurgical, rubber factories, etc. Due to declining demand, bicycle manufactures move from industry failure to the growing auto industry and take with them technical qualification, organizational arrangements , and the skilled mechanics who formed the basis of the first automobile manufacturing.The first house, which became the Ford Motor Company, actually reflected the productive organization of bicycle factories.It was a small workshop that contained two mechanical winches, two drills , a milling machine, a wood planer, a a grinder, and a forge. His work force consisted of four mechanics, a modeler, a draftsman, and a blacksmith. This was in October 1902.
They produced a car in December and then switched their operation to a refurbished wagon workshop, using an old-fashioned gasoline engine to move their equipment. The workforce was raised to about 125 workers, and the company placed 1,700 cars on the market that year. All components were contracted out. Only assembly and design of some parts were done in the workshop. In the factory itself, the workers operated as a team. They planned production, solved design problems, and built the cars together as a unit.
But with the introduction of the assembly line, Homework writing service especially with the adoption of the conveyor belt in 1913, initially in the factory of Highland Park, important changes take place in the way to organize the work. The work becomes disqualified, piecemeal and repetitive, losing all sense of group activity. The planning of the tasks before internalized happens to be developed by the production sector of the company (outsourced), losing the workers ownership of the planning. There is a separation between the conception and execution of the work. What the company gains in terms of efficiency and productivity through the intervention of the production management, defining the tasks and physical movements of the workers - in a certain sense the treadmill decides for them - lose the workers in terms of autonomy decision-making and room for maneuver in the control of the work process. According to Georges Friedmann, what is characteristic of chain work from the biopsychological point of view are the division of tasks and the repetition of operations, with the workers sharing only the compulsory pace of disqualified work (73 % of all services require only one day of learning) where each is simply associated with a small part of the overall assembly.2
At that moment, it is too pertinent to reproduce part of Francesca Maltese's text, which succinctly captures the transformations that occurred in the early days of the automobile industry. Initially, the standardization of the car (model N); later, changes in the physical arrangement, allowing the operations to be performed consecutively; (model 7) and lower cost, new time saving schemes (gravity slides) to the technical solution of the conveyor belt, which, by suspending the materials heaped on the ground, not only avoided shocks among workers, stumbling in inventories and major accidents, but also - by condensing the pores of the work day - intensified the pace of production. "Ford hired Walter E. Flanders, a well-known manufacturing expert whose innovations led to the production of 10,000 cars in twelve months.Even though Flanders remained with Ford for only a year, his ideas were incorporated into the operations of the new factory in Highland Park, which was inaugurated in 1910 and fully utilized in 1911. Previous production plans were abandoned.
The organization of work on the assembly line and the theory of organizations
Reviewed by Stephine
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November 22, 2017
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Reviewed by Stephine
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November 22, 2017
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